Discover Westminster Abbey | A Visitor's Introduction to Westminster Abbey

Westminster Abbey Historical Background

Founded in the mid-10th century, Westminster Abbey was originally a Benedictine monastery. It was refounded in 960 AD by Saint Dunstan and King Edgar. The current Gothic structure was begun in 1245 by King Henry III, who aimed to rebuild the abbey in the Anglo-French Gothic style. Over the centuries, it has undergone various expansions and restorations, resulting in the magnificent building seen today.

The Abbey has been the site of every English and British coronation since William the Conqueror in 1066, making it a cornerstone of British history. It has also hosted numerous royal weddings, including the marriage of Prince William and Catherine Middleton in 2011.

Westminster Abbey Architectural Highlights

Westminster Abbey is a masterpiece of Gothic architecture, characterised by its tall, pointed arches, intricate stone carvings, and large stained glass windows. The façade, with its twin towers, is particularly striking, as is the intricate detail of the exterior stonework.

Inside, visitors can explore a wealth of architectural and artistic treasures. The Nave, the longest in England, leads to the magnificent Quire and the High Altar, the focal point for many significant ceremonies. The Lady Chapel, added by Henry VII, is renowned for its fan-vaulted ceiling and exquisite detail. The Chapter House and the Pyx Chamber are among the oldest surviving parts of the Abbey, showcasing early English Gothic architecture.

Westminster Abbey Tombs and Memorials

Westminster Abbey is also famous for its many tombs and memorials. It is the burial site of 30 monarchs, including Elizabeth I and Mary, Queen of Scots. Poets’ Corner is a celebrated section where numerous literary figures such as Geoffrey Chaucer, Charles Dickens, and Rudyard Kipling are commemorated.

The Abbey also houses the Tomb of the Unknown Warrior, a poignant memorial to unidentified soldiers who died in World War I, symbolising the sacrifice of all British military personnel.

Visitor Experience

Visitors to Westminster Abbey can explore its many chapels, cloisters, and historic rooms. The Abbey offers guided and self-guided audio tours that provide detailed information about its history, architecture, and the notable individuals buried there. Highlights include the Coronation Chair, used in every coronation since 1308, and the various royal tombs and memorials.

The Abbey Museum, located in the vaulted undercroft beneath the former monks' dormitory, displays artifacts related to the Abbey’s history, including medieval glass, royal funeral effigies, and ancient manuscripts.

Practical Information

Westminster Abbey is open to visitors Monday through Saturday, with services held on Sundays. Opening hours vary, so it is advisable to check the official website for up-to-date information. Admission fees apply, with discounts available for children, students, and seniors. Tickets can be purchased online or at the Abbey, though booking in advance is recommended during peak tourist seasons.

The nearest Underground stations are Westminster (Jubilee, Circle, and District lines) and St. James’s Park (Circle and District lines). Several bus routes also serve the area, and it is within walking distance of many other central London attractions.

Accessibility

Westminster Abbey is committed to providing access for all visitors. There are ramps and lifts available for wheelchair users, and accessible toilets are located on-site. Hearing loops and large print guides are also available. Visitors with disabilities can request a free carer ticket when booking.

Nearby Attractions

The Abbey is located in close proximity to several other major attractions. The Houses of Parliament and Big Ben are just a short walk away, as are the Churchill War Rooms, an underground museum dedicated to the life of Winston Churchill and the Second World War. St. James’s Park, one of London’s most beautiful green spaces, offers a pleasant retreat nearby.

Tips for Visitors

To avoid the busiest times, consider visiting early in the morning or later in the afternoon. Allow plenty of time to fully explore the Abbey and its grounds, as there is much to see. Photography is restricted in certain areas, so be sure to check guidelines. Attending one of the daily services can also provide a unique and serene experience of the Abbey.