Discover Buckingham Palace | A Visitor's Introduction to Buckingham Palace

Why Visit Buckingham Palace?

Buckingham Palace offers a unique glimpse into the life and traditions of the British royal family. From the splendour of the State Rooms to the historic ceremonies that unfold outside its gates, the palace embodies a rich heritage that continues to fascinate people from around the world. Its central location makes it easy to include in any London itinerary, whether for a brief visit to witness the Changing of the Guard or a more in-depth exploration of its interiors and gardens during the summer opening. A visit to Buckingham Palace is an opportunity to connect with British history, art, and culture, making it an essential experience for anyone exploring London.

Buckingham Palace Historical Background

Buckingham Palace’s origins date back to 1703, when it was first built as Buckingham House for the Duke of Buckingham. It was acquired by King George III in 1761 as a private residence for Queen Charlotte and later transformed into a royal palace by King George IV in the 1820s. Architect John Nash was commissioned to expand and remodel the house, creating the core structure of the palace we see today. Since Queen Victoria's accession in 1837, Buckingham Palace has served as the primary royal residence of the British monarch, cementing its place as a central institution of the British monarchy.

Architectural and Interior Highlights

Buckingham Palace is an architectural masterpiece, with its iconic Neoclassical facade that stretches across 108 metres (354 feet). The building’s symmetrical design and grandeur are accentuated by the central balcony, which is famously used by the royal family to greet crowds during major events and celebrations.

Inside, the palace boasts 775 rooms, including 19 State Rooms, 52 royal and guest bedrooms, 188 staff bedrooms, and 92 offices. Many of the rooms are richly decorated with priceless artworks, chandeliers, and ornate furnishings, reflecting centuries of royal patronage and taste. Some of the most notable interior highlights include:

1. The State Rooms: Open to the public during the summer months, the State Rooms are used for official events and receptions hosted by the King. These rooms include the Throne Room, the White Drawing Room, and the Blue Drawing Room, all adorned with elaborate tapestries, paintings by masters such as Rembrandt and Rubens, and decorative elements made of gilded plaster.

2. The Grand Staircase: This magnificent, curved staircase is an iconic feature of Buckingham Palace, designed by architect John Nash. With its gold balustrade and red carpet, it serves as an impressive introduction to the grandeur of the State Rooms.

3. The Throne Room: Often used as a backdrop for formal photographs and state occasions, the Throne Room features a pair of thrones, also known as the “Chairs of Estate,” that are used during coronation receptions and other ceremonies. The room’s opulent design, with crimson and gold detailing, highlights its ceremonial importance.

4. The Ballroom: The largest of the State Rooms, the Ballroom measures 36.6 metres (120 feet) in length and is used for state banquets and investitures. It features a musicians’ gallery, large chandeliers, and a set of gilded thrones, making it a central venue for major royal functions.

Key Attractions and Activities

1. The Changing of the Guard Ceremony: One of the most popular events at Buckingham Palace, the Changing of the Guard is a colourful display of British pageantry and precision. Held on selected days (usually Mondays, Wednesdays, Fridays, and Sundays), the ceremony lasts about 45 minutes and involves a regiment of the Household Division soldiers marching to the palace from nearby Wellington Barracks. Dressed in traditional red tunics and bearskin hats, the guards are accompanied by a military band, creating a memorable spectacle for visitors.

2. The Palace Gardens: The expansive gardens of Buckingham Palace, covering 39 acres, are an oasis of tranquility in central London. During the summer opening, visitors can enjoy a guided tour of the gardens, which feature a large lake, a rose garden, and the famous Palace tennis courts. The garden’s varied landscape and rich biodiversity make it a highlight for nature enthusiasts.

3. The Queen’s Gallery: Located on the west side of the palace, the Queen’s Gallery is an art gallery open to the public, displaying a rotating selection of artworks from the Royal Collection. The collection includes paintings, sculptures, and decorative arts from artists like Leonardo da Vinci and Canaletto. Admission to the gallery is separate from the main palace tour, and it offers an opportunity to view some of the world’s most important artworks in an intimate setting.

4. The Royal Mews: The Royal Mews, adjacent to the palace, is responsible for all road travel arrangements for the King and the royal family. It houses the state vehicles, including the iconic Gold State Coach used for coronations and state occasions, and the Diamond Jubilee State Coach. Visitors can see the coaches and learn about the role of the Mews in royal transportation.

5. Summer Opening of the State Rooms: Each year, from late July to early October, Buckingham Palace opens its State Rooms to the public. This is a unique opportunity to tour the grand rooms used for official functions and receptions, as well as to view special exhibitions that highlight various aspects of the Royal Collection or recent royal events.

Visitor Facilities and Practical Information

Opening Hours: Buckingham Palace’s State Rooms are open to the public only during the summer months, typically from late July to early October. The Queen’s Gallery and the Royal Mews have varying opening times throughout the year. It’s advisable to check the Royal Collection Trust website for the most up-to-date opening hours.

Tickets and Admission: Tickets for the State Rooms, Queen’s Gallery, and Royal Mews can be purchased individually or as a combined package. Booking in advance is recommended, especially during peak tourist seasons. Discounts are available for children, seniors, and students. Family tickets are also available.

Accessibility: The palace provides full accessibility for visitors with disabilities, including step-free access, adapted restrooms, and audio guides with descriptive commentary. Assistance dogs are welcome.

Facilities: Restrooms and baby changing facilities are available on-site. There is a café in the garden area during the State Rooms’ summer opening, offering refreshments and light meals.

Gift Shop: Several gift shops are located in the visitor areas, offering a range of souvenirs, books, and items related to the Royal Collection. Many of the products are inspired by artworks and decorative arts from the palace.

Nearby Attractions

St. James’s Park: Adjacent to Buckingham Palace, St. James’s Park is one of London’s oldest and most beautiful royal parks. With its picturesque lake, flower beds, and views of the palace, it’s an ideal spot for a leisurely stroll before or after a visit.

The Victoria Memorial: Located directly in front of the palace, the Victoria Memorial is a grand monument commemorating Queen Victoria. It is a popular place for photographs and a good vantage point to view the palace facade.

The Mall: This ceremonial route, lined with trees and flags, leads from Trafalgar Square to Buckingham Palace. It’s used for royal processions and offers a direct and scenic approach to the palace.

Westminster Abbey and the Houses of Parliament: These historic landmarks are a short walk away and provide further context to the history and significance of Buckingham Palace within the broader scope of British heritage.