A Visitor's Introduction to The Houses of Parliament

Houses of Parliament Historical Background

The site of the Palace of Westminster has been of significant importance since the early Middle Ages. The original royal palace was built in the 11th century and served as the principal residence of the Kings of England until a fire destroyed much of the complex in 1512. Subsequently, it became the meeting place for Parliament. Another devastating fire in 1834 led to the construction of the present-day Gothic Revival building, designed by Sir Charles Barry and Augustus Pugin, completed in 1870.

Architectural Highlights

The Palace of Westminster is renowned for its Gothic Revival architecture. Key features include the iconic Big Ben (officially known as the Elizabeth Tower), the Victoria Tower, and the Central Lobby. The exterior is adorned with intricate stonework, statues, and pinnacles, creating a visually striking appearance.

Inside, the Palace boasts numerous historically significant and architecturally impressive rooms. The House of Commons and the House of Lords chambers are the epicentres of British political life, each with its own distinct design and decor. The House of Commons is known for its green benches and is where elected Members of Parliament debate and make laws. The House of Lords features red benches and is where appointed lords and bishops review legislation.

Other notable areas include Westminster Hall, the oldest part of the Palace, dating back to 1097, and used for major ceremonial events. The Central Lobby, with its beautiful mosaics and statues, serves as a meeting point for Members of Parliament and the public.

Visitor Experience

The Houses of Parliament offers various tours for visitors, including guided and self-guided options. These tours provide insight into the history, architecture, and functioning of the UK Parliament. Highlights typically include visits to the Chambers of the House of Commons and the House of Lords, Westminster Hall, and the Central Lobby.

During the summer recess, from late July to early September, and on Saturdays throughout the year, visitors can explore more areas and experience the grandeur of this historic site. Specialised tours, such as those focusing on the art and architecture of the Palace or on the role and history of women in Parliament, are also available.

Practical Information

The Houses of Parliament are located in the heart of London, with the nearest Underground stations being Westminster (served by the Jubilee, Circle, and District lines) and St. James's Park (Circle and District lines). Buses and river services also provide easy access to the site.

Tickets for tours can be purchased online or at the ticket office near the Palace. It is advisable to book in advance, especially during peak tourist seasons, to secure a preferred time slot. Discounts are available for children, students, and seniors, and family tickets are also offered.

Accessibility

The Houses of Parliament strive to be accessible to all visitors. Step-free access is available, and the majority of the tour routes are wheelchair accessible. Accessible toilets and hearing loops are provided, and assistance dogs are welcome. Visitors with disabilities can request a free carer ticket when booking.

Nearby Attractions

Several other significant attractions are located near the Houses of Parliament. Westminster Abbey, a UNESCO World Heritage site and the coronation church of British monarchs, is just a short walk away. The Churchill War Rooms, offering an insight into World War II history, and the iconic London Eye, providing panoramic views of the city, are also in close proximity.

Tips for Visitors

To make the most of your visit, consider joining an early tour to avoid crowds, especially during peak times. Security checks are in place, so allow extra time for entry. Photography is restricted in certain areas, so check guidelines beforehand. Combining your visit with nearby attractions such as Westminster Abbey or a walk along the Thames can provide a fuller experience of London’s historic heart.